What diseases are commonly associated with dry eye syndrome, and how do they contribute to its development?

Dry eye syndrome is often linked with autoimmune and systemic diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome, rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and thyroid disorders. In these conditions, the immune system can damage tear-producing glands or disrupt the hormonal balance needed for healthy tear production. For example, Sjögren’s syndrome directly affects the salivary and lacrimal glands, leading to severe dryness in the eyes and mouth.

Other conditions like diabetes, rosacea, and blepharitis can also contribute to dry eye symptoms. Diabetes may reduce corneal sensitivity, leading to decreased blinking and tear production. Meanwhile, rosacea and blepharitis involve inflammation of the eyelids and oil glands, disrupting the tear film's stability. Managing the underlying disease is often key to relieving dry eye symptoms.